Lpi201 hat 9 Oberkapitel, und 24 Unterkapitel
http://lpi.org/en/lpi/english/certification/the_lpic_program/exam_201_detailed_objectives
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2006-03-01. Maintainer: Dimitrios "Taki" Bogiatzoules, Product Developer Last modification: 2006-02-28 Topic 201: Linux Kernel
2.201.1 Kernel Components Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to utilise kernel components that are necessary to specific hardware, hardware drivers, system resources and requirements. This objective includes implementing different types of kernel images, identifying stable and development kernels and patches, as well as using kernel modules.
Key knowledge area(s): Kernel documentation (2.4 and 2.6)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /usr/src/linux /usr/src/linux/Documentation zImage bzImage
2.201.2 Compiling a kernel Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to properly configure a kernel to include or disable specific features of the Linux kernel as necessary. This objective includes compiling and recompiling the Linux kernel as needed, updating and noting changes in a new kernel, creating an initrd image and installing new kernels.
Key knowledge area(s): /usr/src/linux/ GRUB configuration files Kernel make options (2.4 and 2.6) LILO configuration files where applicable
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: mkinitrd make make options (config, xconfig, menuconfig, oldconfig, cloneconfig, prepare-all, mrproper zImage, bzImage, modules, modules_install)
2.201.3 Patching a kernel Comment this objective! Weight: 2
Description:Candidates should be able to properly patch a kernel to add support for new hardware. This objective also includes being able to properly remove kernel patches from already patched kernels.
Key knowledge area(s): Kernel Makefiles
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: patch gzip bzip2
2.201.4 Customising a kernel Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to customise a kernel for specific system requirements, by patching, compiling and editing configuration files as required. This objective includes being able to assess requirements for a kernel compile as well as build and configure kernel modules.
Key knowledge area(s): /usr/src/linux/ /proc/sys/kernel/ Module configuration files
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: patch make module tools kerneld kmod Topic 202: System Startup
2.202.1 Customising system startup and boot processes Comment this objective! Weight: 2
Description: Candidates should be able to edit appropriate system startup scripts to customise standard system run levels and boot processes. This objective includes interacting with runlevels.
Key knowledge area(s): Linux Standard Base Specification (LSB)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: insserv chkconfig startproc checkproc killproc startpar /etc/inittab /etc/init.d/ /etc/rc.d/ /etc/insserv.conf /etc/insserv.conf.d/
2.202.2 System recovery Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to properly manipulate a Linux system during both the boot process and during recovery mode. This objective includes using both the init utility and init-related kernel options.
Key knowledge area(s): inittab GRUB LILO where applicable
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: init mount fsck Topic 203: Filesystem
2.203.1 Operating the Linux filesystem Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to properly configure and navigate the standard Linux filesystem. This objective includes configuring and mounting various filesystem types. Also included is manipulating filesystems to adjust for disk space requirements or device additions.
Key knowledge area(s): The concept of the fstab configuration Tools and utilities for handling SWAP partitions and files
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/fstab /etc/mtab /proc/mounts mount and umount sync swapon swapoff
2.203.2 Maintaining a Linux filesystem Comment this objective! Weight: 4
Description: Candidates should be able to properly maintain a Linux filesystem using system utilities. This objective includes manipulating standard filesystems.
Key knowledge area(s): Tools and utilities to manipulate and ext2 and ext3 Tools and utilities to manipulate reiserfs (V3 and V4)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- fsck (fsck.ext2, fsck.reiserfs) badblocks mkfs (mkfs.ext2, mkfs.reiserfs) dumpe2fs debugfs, debugreiserfs tune2fs, reiserfstune
2.203.3 Creating and configuring filesystem options Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to configure automount filesystems. This objective includes configuring automount for network and device filesystems. Also included is creating filesystems for devices such as CD-ROMs.
Key knowledge area(s): autofs configuration files UDF and ISO9660 tools and utilities
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/auto.master /etc/auto.[dir] mkisofs dd mke2fs
Topic 204: Hardware
2.204.1 Configuring RAID Comment this objective! Weight: 2
Description: Candidates should be able to configure and implement software RAID. This objective includes using and configuring RAID 0, 1 and 5.
Key knowledge area(s): Software raid configurtation files and utilities
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /etc/raidtab mkraid mdadm.conf mdadm
lvm2 on raid5 mit qemu skript von Thomas, hinzufügen und entfernen
2.204.2 Adding new hardware Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to configure internal and external devices for a system including new hard disks, dumb terminal devices, serial UPS devices, multi-port serial cards, and LCD panels.
Key knowledge area(s): X.org XFree86 Module tools Tools and utilities to list various hardware information (e.g. lsdev, lspci, etc.) Tools and utilities to manipulate legacy interfaces (RS232, LPT, etc) Tools and utilities to manipulate USB devices
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: modprobe lsmod lsdev lspci setserial usbview lsusb
2.204.3 Software and kernel configuration Comment this objective! Weight: 2
Description: Candidates should be able to configure kernel options to support various drives. This objective includes using LVM (Logical Volume Manager) to manage hard disk drives and partitions, as well as software tools to view & modify hard disk settings.
Key knowledge area(s): Tools and utilities to configure DMA for IDE devices including ATAPI and SATA LVM tools and utilities Tools and utilities to manipulate or analyse system resources (e.g. interrupts)
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /proc/interrupts hdparm tune2fs sysctl
2.204.4 Configuring PCMCIA devices Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to configure a Linux installation to include support for mobile computer hardware extensions. This objective includes configuring those devices.
Key knowledge area(s): PCCard and PCMCIA PCCard and PCMCIA configuration files, tools and utilities
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/pcmcia/
- .opts cardctl cardmgr
Topic 209: File and Service Sharing
2.209.1 Configuring a Samba server Comment this objective! Weight: 5
Description: Candidates should be able to set up a Samba server for various clients. This objective includes setting up Samba for login clients and setting up the workgroup in which a server participates and defining shared directories and printers. Also covered is a configuring a Linux client to use a Samba server.
Key knowledge area(s): Samba 2 and 3 documentation Samba configuration files Samba tools and utilities Mounting Samba shares on Linux Samba daemons WINS server functionality Mapping Windows usernames to Linux usernames
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- smbd, nmbd smbstatus, testparm, smbpasswd, nmblookup smb.conf, lmhosts
2.209.2 Configuring an NFS server Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to export filesystems using NFS. This objective includes access restrictions, mounting an NFS filesystem on a client and securing NFS.
Key knowledge area(s): NFS configuration files NFS tools and utilities Access restrictions to certain hosts and/or subnets Mount options on server and client tcpwrappers
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/exports exportfs showmount nfsstat
Topic 211: System Maintenance
2.211.1 System logging Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to configure the logging daemon to act as a central network log server. This objective also includes configuring the logging deamon to send log output to a central log server, logging remote connections, and automating log analysis.
Key knowledge area(s): syslog configuration files syslog and syslog-ng text manipulation tools and utilities such as grep, etc.
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- syslog.conf /etc/hosts sysklogd
2.211.2 Packaging software Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to build a software package. This objective includes building or rebuilding both RPM and DEB packaged software.
Key knowledge area(s): RPM description, software and commands DEB description, software and commands SPEC file format debian/rules file format
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- rpmbuild
- The contents of /var/lib/rpm and /usr/lib/rpm/ /var/cache/debconf/ dpkg-deb dpkg
Packagebau debian, ohne signing, mit und ohne autoconf 2.211.3 Backup operations Comment this objective! Weight: 2
Description: Candidates should be able to create an offsite backup storage plan.
Key knowledge area(s): Backup strategies Knowlegde about directories that have to be include in backups Assets and drawbacks of tapes, CDR or other backup media
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: /bin/sh /bin/tar Topic 213: System Customization and Automation
2.213.1 Automating tasks using scripts Comment this objective! Weight: 3
Description: Candidates should be able to write simple scripts to automate tasks using different common scripting languages. Tasks for automation include checking processes, process execution, parsing logs, synchronising files across machines, monitoring files for changes, generating and sending e-mail alerts and notifying administrators when specified users log in or out.
Key knowledge area(s): Standard text manipulation software such as awk and sed BASH cron configuration files at daemon usage Remote copying software such as rsync and scp Perl: basic commands
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- perl, bash, awk, sed crontab at
Topic 214: Troubleshooting
2.214.2 Creating recovery disks Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to create bootdisks for system entrance and recovery disks for system repair.
Key knowledge area(s): Filesystem configuration files INIT configuration files Any standard editor Familiarity with the location and contents of the LDP Bootdisk-HOWTO Tools to manipulate the MBR Tools and utilities to copy and mount filesystems GRUB LILO Loop devices Making CD or USB storage devices bootable
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/fstab /etc/inittab /usr/sbin/rdev /bin/cat /bin/mount (includes -o loop switch) /sbin/lilo /bin/dd /sbin/mke2fs /usr/sbin/chroot
2.214.3 Identifying boot stages Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to determine, from bootup text, the 4 stages of the boot sequence and distinguish between each.
Key knowledge area(s): boot loader start and hand off to kernel kernel loading hardware initialisation and setup daemon initialisation and setup
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities: Not applicable.
2.214.4 Troubleshooting bootloaders Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to determine specific stage failures and corrective techniques.
Key knowledge area(s): LILO GRUB Know the different bootloader install locations on a hard disk or removable device Overwriting standard bootloader options or using bootloader shells
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- The contents of /boot/ and /boot/grub/ /etc/lilo.conf grub grub-install lilo
2.214.5 General troubleshooting Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to recognise and identify boot loader and kernel specific stages and utilise kernel boot messages to diagnose kernel errors. This objective includes being able to identify and correct common hardware issues and be able to determine if the problem is hardware or software.
Key knowledge area(s): /proc filesystem Various system and daemon log files Content of /, /boot , and /lib/ modules Screen output during bootup Kernel syslog entries in system logs (if entry is able to be gained) Tools and utilities to analyse information about the used hardware Tools and utilities to trace software
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- dmesg /sbin/lspci /usr/bin/lsdev /sbin/lsmod /sbin/modprobe /sbin/insmod /bin/uname strace strings ltrace lsof
2.214.6 Troubleshooting system resources Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to identify, diagnose and repair local system issues when using software from the command line.
Key knowledge area(s): Core system variables The contents of:
/etc/profile && /etc/profile.d/ /etc/init.d/ /etc/rc.* /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/bashrc /etc/ld.so.conf or other appropriate global shell configuration files
Any standard editor Standard tools, utilites and commands to manipulate the above files and variables
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /bin/ln /bin/rm /sbin/ldconfig /sbin/sysctl
2.214.8 Troubleshooting environment configurations Comment this objective! Weight: 1
Description: Candidates should be able to identify common local system and user environment configuration issues and common repair techniques.
Key knowledge area(s): Core system variables init configuration files init start process cron configuration files Login process User-password storage files Determine user group associations SHELL configuration files of bash and csh Analysing which processes or daemons are running
The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
- /etc/inittab /etc/rc.local /etc/rc.boot /var/spool/cron/crontabs/ The default shell configuration file(s) in /etc/ /etc/login.defs /etc/syslog.conf /etc/passwd /etc/shadow /etc/group /sbin/init /usr/sbin/cron /usr/bin/crontab